Real Vulnerabilities. Real Business Impact.
Explore anonymized examples of security weaknesses discovered during real-world security assessments.
Case studies
Broken Object-Level Authorization
- Industry
- Fintech SaaS
- Vulnerability
- BOLA / IDOR
Attack Scenario
A predictable resource identifier in an account endpoint was swapped for another customer's ID. The server returned the record without validating ownership.
Business Impact
Unauthorized users could access another customer's resources.
Remediation
Server-side object-level authorization was implemented.
Security Outcome
Cross-tenant access eliminated and verified during retesting.
Privilege Escalation
- Industry
- Healthcare Platform
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
Attack Scenario
Admin-only functionality was protected only in the frontend. Replaying the underlying requests from a standard account succeeded.
Business Impact
A low-privileged user gained access to administrative functionality.
Remediation
Server-side role validation was implemented.
Security Outcome
All privileged operations now enforce role checks at the API layer.
API Authorization Weakness
- Industry
- E-commerce
- Vulnerability
- Missing Function-Level Authorization
Attack Scenario
Internal reporting endpoints accepted valid customer tokens. Modifying request parameters exposed order and customer data beyond the caller's scope.
Business Impact
Manipulated API requests exposed restricted information.
Remediation
Authorization checks were added to protected endpoints.
Security Outcome
Endpoint inventory reviewed and consistent authorization middleware adopted.
Business Logic Vulnerability
- Industry
- Online Education
- Vulnerability
- Workflow Bypass
Attack Scenario
A multi-step enrollment flow relied on client state. Skipping directly to the final step completed the process without the required approval.
Business Impact
An important application workflow could be bypassed.
Remediation
Business rules were enforced server-side.
Security Outcome
State transitions are validated on the server with full audit logging.
Cloud Misconfiguration
- Industry
- Logistics Technology
- Vulnerability
- Excessive Exposure / IAM
Attack Scenario
A storage bucket and an internal management interface were reachable from the internet, and an over-privileged role could enumerate secrets.
Business Impact
Sensitive infrastructure was unnecessarily exposed.
Remediation
Access controls and cloud configuration were hardened.
Security Outcome
Least-privilege IAM, private networking, and continuous configuration monitoring.
Mobile Security Weakness
- Industry
- Consumer Banking
- Vulnerability
- Insecure Data Storage
Attack Scenario
Session tokens and personal data were written to unencrypted local storage that could be recovered from a compromised or rooted device.
Business Impact
Sensitive information could be extracted from insecure local storage.
Remediation
Secure storage and encryption mechanisms were implemented.
Security Outcome
Data at rest is protected using platform keystores with root/jailbreak detection.
- 7+
- Years of Security Experience
- 100+
- Security Engagements
- 20,000+
- Vulnerabilities Identified
- 10+
- Industries Served
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